I-BDO, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-1,4-butanediol, yinto ebalulekileyo esisiseko yezinto eziphilayo kunye neekhemikhali ezintle eziluhlaza. I-BDO inokulungiswa ngendlela ye-acetylene aldehyde, indlela ye-maleic anhydride, indlela ye-propylene alcohol, kunye nendlela ye-butadiene. Indlela ye-acetylene aldehyde yindlela yoshishino ephambili yokulungiselela i-BDO ngenxa yeendleko zayo kunye neenzuzo zenkqubo. I-Acetylene kunye ne-formaldehyde ziqala ukunyanzeliswa ukuvelisa i-1,4-butynediol (BYD), eqhubeka i-hydrogenated ukufumana i-BDO.
Ngaphantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu (13.8 ~ 27.6 MPa) kunye neemeko ze-250 ~ 350 ℃, i-acetylene iphendula nge-formaldehyde phambi kwe-catalyst (ngokuqhelekileyo i-cuprous acetylene kunye ne-bismuth kwinkxaso ye-silica), kwaye ke i-1,4-butynediol ephakathi i-hydrogenated. ukuba BDO usebenzisa Raney nickel catalyst. Uphawu lwendlela ye-classical kukuba i-catalyst kunye nemveliso ayifuni ukuhlukana, kwaye iindleko zokusebenza ziphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, i-acetylene inoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nomngcipheko wokuqhuma. Ukhuseleko loyilo lwe-reactor luphezulu ngamaxesha angama-12-20, kwaye izixhobo zikhulu kwaye ziyabiza, okubangela utyalo-mali oluphezulu; I-acetylene iya kwenza i-polymerize ukuvelisa i-polyacetylene, eyenza i-catalyst ingasebenzi kwaye ivale umbhobho, okukhokelela kumjikelezo omfutshane wemveliso kunye nokunciphisa imveliso.
Ukuphendula kwiintsilelo kunye neentsilelo zeendlela zendabuko, izixhobo zokuphendula kunye ne-catalysts ye-reaction system ziye zaphuculwa ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-acetylene kwinkqubo yokusabela. Le ndlela isetyenziswe ngokubanzi ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ngelo xesha, i-synthesis ye-BYD iqhutywe ngokusebenzisa ibhedi ye-sludge okanye ibhedi emisiwe. Indlela ye-acetylene aldehyde ye-BYD i-hydrogenation ivelisa i-BDO, kwaye ngoku i-ISP kunye ne-INVISTA iinkqubo zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu e-China.
① Ukwenziwa kwe-butynediol kwi-acetylene kunye ne-formaldehyde usebenzisa i-copper carbonate catalyst
Isetyenziswe kwicandelo lekhemikhali ye-acetylene yenkqubo ye-BDO kwi-INVIDIA, i-formaldehyde iphendula kunye ne-acetylene ukuvelisa i-1,4-butynediol phantsi kwesenzo se-copper carbonate catalyst. Ubushushu bokusabela yi-83-94 ℃, kwaye uxinzelelo luyi-25-40 kPa. I-catalyst inokubonakala komgubo oluhlaza.
② I-Catalyst ye-hydrogenation ye-butynediol kwi-BDO
Icandelo le-hydrogenation lenkqubo liqukethe i-high-pressure fixed bed reactors edibeneyo kwi-series, kunye ne-99% yeempendulo ze-hydrogenation ezigqityiweyo kwi-reactor yokuqala. I-catalysts yokuqala neyesibini ye-hydrogenation ivuliwe i-nickel aluminium alloys.
Ibhedi esisigxina yeRenee nickel yibhloko ye-aluminium alloy ye-nickel kunye nobukhulu be-particle ukusuka kwi-2-10mm, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokunxiba kakuhle, indawo enkulu yendawo ethile, ukuzinza okungcono kwe-catalyst, kunye nobomi obude benkonzo.
Umandlalo ongasebenziyo osisigxina Raney nickel amasuntswana angwevu ezimhlophe, kwaye emva koxinaniso ethile ulwelo alkali leaching, baba amasuntswana amnyama okanye ezingwevu ezimnyama, ikakhulu esetyenziswa kwi reactors ibhedi fixed.
① Ubhedu oluxhaswa yi-catalyst yokwenziwa kwe-butynediol ukusuka kwi-acetylene kunye ne-formaldehyde
Ngaphantsi kwesenzo se-catalyst ye-bismuth yobhedu exhaswayo, i-formaldehyde isabela nge-acetylene ukuvelisa i-1,4-butynediol, kwiqondo lokushisa lokuphendula le-92-100 ℃ kunye noxinzelelo lwe-85-106 kPa. I-catalyst ibonakala njengomgubo omnyama.
② I-Catalyst ye-hydrogenation ye-butynediol kwi-BDO
Inkqubo ye-ISP ithatha izigaba ezibini ze-hydrogenation. Isigaba sokuqala sisebenzisa i-powder nickel aluminium alloy njenge-catalyst, kunye ne-low-pressure hydrogenation iguqula i-BYD ibe yi-BED kunye ne-BDO. Emva kokuhlukana, isigaba sesibini siphezulu-uxinzelelo lwe-hydrogenation usebenzisa i-nickel elayishiwe njenge-catalyst yokuguqula i-BED ibe yi-BDO.
Isixhobo sokuqala se-hydrogenation: i-Raney nickel catalyst engumgubo
Isixhobo sokuqala se-hydrogenation: I-Powder Raney nickel catalyst. Le catalyst isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-low-pressure hydrogenation section yenkqubo ye-ISP, ukulungiselela iimveliso ze-BDO. Ineempawu zomsebenzi ophezulu, ukukhetha okulungileyo, izinga lokuguqulwa, kunye nesantya sokumisa ngokukhawuleza. Amalungu aphambili yi-nickel, i-aluminiyam, kunye ne-molybdenum.
Isixhobo sokuqala se-hydrogenation: i-powder nickel aluminium alloy hydrogenation catalyst
I-catalyst idinga umsebenzi ophezulu, amandla aphezulu, izinga eliphezulu lokuguqulwa kwe-1,4-butynediol, kunye neemveliso ezimbalwa.
I-hydrogenation catalyst yesibini
I-catalyst exhaswayo kunye ne-alumina njengomphathi kunye ne-nickel kunye nobhedu njengamacandelo asebenzayo. Umbuso oncitshisiweyo ugcinwa emanzini. I-catalyst inamandla amakhulu omatshini, ilahleko ephantsi ye-friction, ukuzinza okuhle kweekhemikhali, kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Amasuntswana amile okwe clover ngenkangeleko.
Iimeko zokusetyenziswa kweeCatalysts
Isetyenziselwa i-BYD ukuvelisa i-BDO ngokusebenzisa i-catalyst hydrogenation, isetyenziswe kwiyunithi ye-BDO yeetoni eziyi-100000. Iiseti ezimbini ze-fixed bed reactors zisebenza ngaxeshanye, enye yi-JHG-20308, kwaye enye ithathwa njenge-catalyst.
Ukuhlolwa: Ngethuba lokuhlolwa kwepowder ecocekileyo, kwafunyaniswa ukuba i-JHG-20308 i-catalyst ye-bed fixed catalyst ivelise i-powder encinci encinci kune-catalyst evela ngaphandle.
Ukuqalisa: I-Catalyst Activation Ukuqukumbela: Iimeko zokuvula ii-catalysts ezimbini ziyafana. Ukusuka kwidatha, ireyithi ye-dealumination, i-inlet kunye ne-outlet yeqondo lokushisa, kunye ne-activation reaction reaction release ye-alloy kwinqanaba ngalinye lokusebenzisa lihambelana kakhulu.
Ubushushu: Ubushushu bokusabela kwe-JHG-20308 catalyst ayahlukanga kakhulu kwi-catalyst ethunyelwa ngaphandle, kodwa ngokwamanqaku omlinganiselo wobushushu, i-JHG-20308 catalyst inomsebenzi ongcono kune-catalyst ethunyelwa ngaphandle.
Ukungcola: Ukusuka kwidatha yokufumanisa ye-BDO isisombululo esingcolileyo kwisigaba sokuqala sokusabela, i-JHG-20308 inokungcola okuncinci kwimveliso egqityiweyo xa kuthelekiswa ne-catalysts evela kumazwe angaphandle, ebonakaliswa ngokukodwa kumxholo we-n-butanol kunye ne-HBA.
Ngokubanzi, ukusebenza kwe-JHG-20308 catalyst izinzile, akukho mveliso iphezulu ecacileyo, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo ngokusisiseko kuyafana okanye kubhetele kunoko kwe-catalysts evela kumazwe angaphandle.
Inkqubo yokuvelisa ye-fixed bed nickel aluminium catalyst
(1) Ukunyibilikiswa: Ingxubevange ye-nickel yealuminiyam inyibilika kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu ize iphoswe kwimilo.
(2) Ukutyumza: Iibhloko ze-alloy zityunyuzwa zibe ngamancinci amancinci ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokutyumza.
(3) Ukuhlola: Ukuhlola iinqununu ezinobungakanani obufanelekileyo.
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(5) Izalathisi zokuhlola: umxholo wesinyithi, ukusabalalisa ubungakanani beqhekeza, amandla okutyumza okucinezelayo, ubuninzi obuninzi, njl.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-11-2023
